Friday, November 13, 2020

Concession - a meditative lexico-syntactic ramble

 One of the features of Germanic languages is what is known as the "ablauting" process, "laut" meaning "sound" and "ab" signifying some sort of movement away from something. Wählen is German for "vote." "Abwählen" is the verb you use when you want to talk about voting some horse's ass out of office.

"Ablaut" refers to the sound change (or vowel letter change, if you're talking about the written form of the language) that Germanic languages use to indicate a shift from present tense to past tense, for example. Change the vowel sound/letter in "come" to "came," and a present tense verb becomes a past tense verb.

Regular verbs in English make the past tense by adding "-ed," as in the sets: start/started, smart/smarted, fart/farted, work/worked, rumble/rumbled, anthropomorphize, anthropomorphized.

Irregular verbs, by contrast, are regularly "ablauted," as in the pairs: begin-began-begun, drink-drank-drunk, for example. And one reason we recognize other Germanic languages as such is that they conjugate their verbs in a similar fashion. 

English: begin/began/begun, in German is beginnen/begann/begonnen. English: write/wrote/written, in Danish is skrive/skrev/skrevet. English break/broke/broken, in Swedish is: bryt/bröt/brutit.

OK, so much for ablauting.

A second observation about the formation of Germanic irregular verbs is that the participle (at least in English and German) frequently ends in -n, as in forget/forgot/forgotten or bear/bore/born.

English stand/stood/stood doesn't observe this change, but German stehen/stand/gestanden does.

A third observation is that, in German, the past participle not only ablauts the vowel, and often adds an -en suffix, but it marks it with the prefix, ge-, as in the example stehen/stand/gestanden above. English go/went/gone, in German is gehen/ging/gegangen.

OK, now that you've got that down, we're ready for a bit more complexity.

The German word for "concede" is zugestehen. Now that looks for all the world like a combination of "to" (German: zu) and the verb for "stand." 

But be not deceived. The "ge" here is only coincidentally the same as the "ge" in the past participle. In this case, the German word for "confess" (as in to "fess up" or "own up to something" just happens to begin with ge. "Confess," in German, conjugates: gestehen, gestand, gestanden. And that means the past participle of "confess" just happens to be the same word as the past participle for "stand: gestanden.

Got that?

Ready for another twist?

If you add the prefix zu- or the prefix ein- to the verb gestehen, you get the German word for "concede": zugestehen or eingestehen (they both mean pretty much the same thing), a word that is pretty much all over the German news these days. As are the noun forms of both these words: Zugeständnis and Eingeständnis.

German nationalists have tried at various times over the years to "purify" the German language by getting rid of all words peceived as "foreign."  Telephone (Telefon) became Fernsprecher - "far speaker" and nose (Nase) became Gesichtserker - "face balcony" at some point, and Pistole became Meuchelpuffer.  (Meucheln = to murder and Puffer is just a fun word, as in Batteriepuffer - backup battery and Kartoffelpuffer - potato pancakes (latkes).)

But these days Germans borrow freely from other languages. I love listening to people in prominent positions when they speak of a "wave of indignation." The "pure" German word is Empörungswelle, but these days you're far more likely to hear them use the word Shitstorm.

Similarly, you might hear somebody refer to a concession speech as a Zugeständnisrede, but you're more likely to hear them use the word Konzessionsrede. Often written as two words, Konzessions Rede, so you get to experience the beauty of the concept more acutely.

Whether words are smooshed together, as in the Bavarian curse: Himmelherrgottnochamoi-kreizkruzefixhalleluja Sakrament, du Pfannakuacha, du (Heaven Lord God (and I say it) again, Cross, Crucifix, Hallelujah, Sacrament, you pancake, you) or whether they are written separately is the kind of thing that keeps language teachers in business.

If you google "Concession Speech" in German - Konzessionsrede - you'll find this:

Donald Trump Konzessionsrede - große Auswahl und günstige Preise von 3 EUR

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Let me give you a translation:

Donald Trump Concession Speech - large selection and favorable prices starting at 3 euros.
In our catalogue of seven Donald Trump Concession Speeches, you'll find the Concession Speech that best suits you. Joom has a large assortment of Donald Trump Concession Speeches in various colors:; (sic) Materials: and of various brands: Shein, Yogodlns, LALA IKAI, MERRY'S, ZANZEA, ZSIIBO, Baseus, Sisjuly, Floylyn, EXOTAO, Finejo, Zeagoo, Avidlove, O.TWO.O, fenvi, TOMKAS, chuwi, Asstseries, KANGOL, USAMS, LASPERAL, Focallure, AUKEY, onemix, FLOVEME, ZAFUL, Ugreen, BAMOER, WOSTU, PUPPYOO, HEROBIKER, JewelryPalace, NAVIFORCE, Picun, KBAYBO, Rosetic, Vention, Chenistory, Astrid, Tronsmart, chuwi, Eachine, BlitzWolf, Ulefone, Skmei.
All Donald Trump Concession speeches in our catalogue come with a guarantee and free delivery. Register at our shop or download the app, in order to be first in line to be notified about discounts and special offers.

I love living in the 21st Century.










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